Window



C. W. KELLY WINDOW Filed July 30, 1932' 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR BY /&

ATTON Es c. W. KELLY 33,832

WINDOW Filed July 30, 1932 s Shets-Sheet 2 u ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 10, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW poration of Michigan Application July 30, 1932, Serial No. 626,516

5 Claims.

The invention relates to windows and refers more particularly towindows designed for use on detention buildings, such as psychopathic wards in hospitals, jails and so forth. It is an object of 5 the invention to obtain a construction which permits opening the window for effective ventilation and at the same time restricts the area of unobstructed open space, so as to render it impossible for any person to escape therethrough.

10 My improved construction belongs to that type of window comprising a metallic sash subdivided fo'r -the' holding of window panes of relatively small area and more particularly belongs to that type of window comprising swinging metallic 1 5- sashes so subdivided. The sash may be opened in various ways and by limiting its opening movement the space between the sash and the frame can be restricted. More particularly, with a win dow-construction having swinging sashes, these 20 sashes may be swung to open position in various ways 'andby limiting their angular movement the space between the adjacent side bars of the sashes, if thesashes are side hung, or between the side bars of the sashes and the side bars of 25 the frame, if the sashes are of the projected type, can be restricted. With any of the constructions, there will be, however, openings at opposite ends of the sash or sashes which, if unobstructed, would be of sufficient area for the escape therethrough of an inmate of the building. Thus, it is essential that such openings should be guarded or obstructed.

Some of the features of my improved construction are the means employed for limiting the 3 opening movement of a sash; the means employed for guarding or obstructing the openings at the opposite ends of the sash; the means employed for limiting the angular opening movement of the sashes of the swinging type; and the means employed for guarding or obstructing the triangular openings at the opposite ends of these sashes.

'Other'features reside in so constructing the Window that the sill may be employed for guarding or obstructing one of the openings; that a transom sash may be employed for guarding or obstructing one of the openings; and that common means may be employed for limiting the opening movement of thesash or sashes and also for guarding or obstructing one of the openings be- P ;tween' the :sash or sashes and the frame. Still further, the invention consists in various features of construction as hereinafter set forth.

a In the drawings:

Figure 1 isa side elevation of a window showing'anembodiment of my invention;

Figures 2, 3, and 4 are cross sections on the lines 2-2, 3-3 and 4-4, respectively, of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a vertical section through the window showing the sashes in their open positions;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing 5 another embodiment of my invention;

Figure 7 is a cross section on the line 'Il of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is an outside elevation of a window showing another embodiment of my invention; 10

Figure 9 is a cross section on the line 9-9 of Figure 8.

As illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, the window comprises the metallic frame I, metallic sashes 2 and the metallic transom 3 above the sashes 2. Both the sashes 2 and the transom sash 3 are subdivided to hold window panes of relatively small area. The sashes 2 may be of the side hung or projected types and, as shown in the present instance, are of the projected. out type, each being hung at its outer edge to swing about a vertical axis.

As specifically shown, each sash 2 is pivotally and. slidably connected at its upper and lower ends to the upper and lower bars of the frame I by means of the shoes 4 which are in the nature of rolls journalled in the shafts 5, the latter being journalled in guides secured to the outer side rails of the sashes. Therolls 4 engage the guideways 6 which extend longitudinally of and are secured to the upper and lower rails of the frame. The transom sash 3 is pivotally and slidably connected at its upper end to the side bars of the frame I by suitable means, such as the shoes I, which are journalled in guides secured to the upper bar of the transom sash and which slidably engage the guideways 8 extending longitudinally of and secured to the side bars of the frame I. The shoe balance bars 9 are provided between and pivoted to the side bars of the transom sash and the frame. For opening and closing the sashes 2 each is pivotally connected to an operating arm which is adapted to be actuated by suitable mechanism. More Specifically, the lower bar of each sash intermediate its inner and outer side bars is pivotally connected to the free end of the operating swinging arm I0 which is pivotally mounted at I I upon the bottom bar of the frame I. Thus, by swinging both of the arms II] the sashes 2 are moved angularly withdrawing their outer side bars from the side bars of the frame I so as to provide ventilating openings.

As thus far described, the swinging of the adjacent sashes would open the top and bottom triangular spaces at the upper and lower ends respectively of these sashes or between the upper and lower bars of these sashes and the cooperating upper and lower bars of the frame to an extent such that either area would permit the escape of a person therethrough. Also the swinging of these adjacent sashes would open the spaces between the outer side bars of these sashes and the side bars of the frame to an extent such that the area of either would permit the escape of an inmate therethrough. I have therefore devised a construction for preventing such a result, which is as follows: The sashes 2, first of all, are simultaneously opened and closed and the angular movement of each is limited so that the spaces between their outer side bars and the side bars of the frame are restricted to a predetermined limit, such as five inches for example, so that an inmate may not escape therethrough. Secondly, the sill I2 which, in the present instance, is a masonry sill, extends outwardly below and adjacent to the bottom bars of the sashes when fully opened and forms a guard or obstruction at the lower ends of these sashes restricting the width of the unobstructed space at the lower ends to a predetermined limit, such as five inches, for example, so that an inmate may not escape therethrough. Thirdly, the transom sash may be swung outwardly over and adjacent tothe upper ends of the sashes and its limit of outward swinging is so limited that its lower bar will divide the triangular space at the upper ends of the sashes and restrict the width of the unobstructed space at the upper ends to a predetermined limit such, for instance, as five inches, which prevents the escape of an inmate through this space.

The mechanism for opening and closing the sashes 2 through the swinging arms I!) comprises the nut I3 threaded upon the screw I4 and pivotally connected to one end of each of the links I5. The opposite end of each of these links is pivotally connected to the arms I6 which are preferably integral with the arms In and form therewith bell cranks. I1 is a collar fixedly secured to the outer end of the screw and engageable by the nut I 3 to limit its movement upon the screw and thereby limit the opening angular movement of the sashes to the predetermined limit above mentioned. The nut I3, screw I4, links I5, arms I6 and collar I! are located beneath the stool I8 which is fixedly secured to the lower bar of the frame I and is closed by masonry, so that an inmate cannot have access to this mechanism. The screw is suitably journalled at its outer and inner ends respectively in the bracket I9 fixedly secured to the bottom bar of the frame and the bracket 20 secured to the depending inner flange I8 of the stool. The inner end of this screw is engageable by the detachable handle 2|.

For opening and closing the transom sash 3, I have provided the guide 22 which extends longitudinally of and is secured to the lower side of the bottom bar of the transom sash. This guide is engageable by the shoe 23 upon the free end of the arm 24, which is fixedly secured to the shaft 25. This shaft extends longitudinally with in the side bar of the frame I and is adapted to clear the adjacent side bar of the window sash 2. The shaft is journalled in the guides 26 and is supported by the stop 21 which is secured to the shaft and rests upon one of the guides. To the lower end of the shaft is fixedly secured the arm 28 which is pivotally connected to one end of the link 29, the opposite end of which is pivotally connected to the nut 38. This nut 30 is threaded upon the screw 3| and is engageable with a collar 32 fixedly secured to the screw in a position to limit the angular opening movement of the transom sash to the predetermined limit above referred to. The arm 28, the link 29, the nut 30, the screw 3| and the collar 32 are located beneath the stool I8 and the screw is journalled at its opposite ends in a manner similar to that of the screw I4. The inner end of this screw is also detachably engageable with the handle 2|.

From the above description, it will be seen that the window sashes are opened and closed at the same time through the same screw and that their angular opening movement is limited to a predetermined extent so that an inmate may not escape through the spaces between their outer side bars and the side bars of the frame. It will also be seen'that the triangular spaces at the lower and upper ends of these window sashes are guarded or obstructed respectively by the sill and the transom sash, both of which are sufficiently near the lower and upper bars of these window sashes so that an inmate may not escape through these triangular openings or spaces. Furthermore, the angular opening movement of the transom sash is limited and both operators for the window sashes and the transom sash are-protected, so that an inmate will not have access thereto.

In the modification shown in Figures 6 and. 7, I have provided, in addition to the structure shown in Figures 1 to inclusive, the horizontal bar 33 which is arranged at the upper ends of the window sashes 2 and connected to their upper bars by the brackets 34 by means of the shoulder pins 35 secured to the brackets and engaging the slots 36 at the ends of the bar 33. These slots are so positioned and are of such a length that when the window sashes are in closed position the pins 35 will be at the outer ends of the slots and. when the sashes are in open position the pins 35 will be at the inner ends of the slots. Thus the bar, brackets and pins serve as an additional means for limiting the angular opening movement of the sashes. Furthermore, the bars are so located above the window sashes that they will extend across the triangular opening or space at the upper ends of the window sashes when opened to substantially centrally divide this opening or space and restrict its width to a predetermined limit such, for instance, as five inches, so that no avenue of escape is open. Thus, with this construction the transom sash need not necessarily be opened when the window sashes are opened.

Figures 8 and 9 disclose another modification in which 31 and 38 are respectively upper and lower horizontal bars at the upper and lower ends of the window sashes 39 and connected to their upper and. lower bars intermediate their ends in the same manner as the bar 33 is connected to the upper bars of its window sashes. These bars 31 and 38 serve to guard or obstruct the triangular openings or spaces at the upper and lower ends of the window sashes and furthermore serve to limit the angular opening movement of the window sashes. I may also provide the stops 40 at the inner ends of the guideways 4| which correspond to the guideways 6, previously described. These stops 40 are engageable with the shoes upon the window sashes to serve as an additional means for limiting the angular opening movement of the sashes. The lower bars of the sashes are pivotally connected intermediate their ends to an end of each of the balance arms 42 and the opposite end of each of these balance arms is pivotally connected to the lower bar of the window frame, this construction being standard. With the construction of window as shown in Figures 8 and 9, an operator for the window sashes need not be used, unless so desired, since the bars 31 and 38 will compel both window sashes to be opened and closed at the same time.

With the constructions as described, the window sashes may be' opened to provide abundant ventilation and in certain modifications the transom sashes maybe opened to provide greater ventilation, but with all modifications no open space has a maximum dimension in excess of five inches, or whatever limit may be selected. Furthermore, the constructions are such that even where a considerable force is applied in an effort to open the sashes wider this will be of no avail, as positive stops limit any further opening movement of the sashes.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a window, the combination with a pair of adjacent oppositely swinging sashes, of a'link bar located at an end of said sashes and pivotally connected thereto at intermediate points in the width thereof, said bar having a limited extensible engagement with said sashes to correspondingly limit the angular movement thereof and also forming an obstruction for the triangular space between said sashes at the end thereof.

2. In a window, the combination with a pair of adjacent oppositely swinging sashes, of a link bar located at an end of said sashes and means for pivotally connecting said bar to said sashes permitting limited relative movement between the pivots and thereby limiting the angular movement of sashes, said bar also constituting an obstruction for the triangular space between said sashes at the end thereof.

3. In a window, the combination with a pair of adjacent oppositely swinging sashes, of brackets projecting outwardly from said sashes at points intermediate the side edges thereof, a link bar pivotally connected at opposite ends to said brackets and lying in a plane beyond the ends of the sashes, and means permitting a limited relative movement of said pivotal connections in p a direction longitudinally of the bar.

4. In a window, the combination with a pair of adjacent oppositely swinging sashes, of brackets projecting outwardly from said sashes at points intermediate the side edges thereof, a link bar arranged in the plane beyond the ends of said sashes and extending between said brackets, a pivotal connection between said brackets and said bar and means for permitting a limited longitudinal movement of the pivot at at least one of said brackets in relation to said link bar.

5. In a window, the combination with a pair of adjacent oppositely swinging sashes, of a pair of brackets projecting outwardly from said sashes at points intermediate the side edges thereof, and

a link bar located in the plane beyond the ends of said sashes, pivotally connected to said brackets, said bar being slotted at its opposite ends to permit a limited relative movement of said pivots and to correspondingly limit the angular movement of said sashes.

CLYDE W. KELLY. 

